| 引用本文: | 邓炜华,罗育池,唐俊逸,伍银爱,叶匡旻,方扬.南海表层沉积物重金属与生源要素污染特征、生态风险及防治对策[J].海洋科学,2025,49(12):40-51. |
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| 南海表层沉积物重金属与生源要素污染特征、生态风险及防治对策 |
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邓炜华1,2, 罗育池1,2, 唐俊逸1,2, 伍银爱1,2, 叶匡旻1,2, 方扬1,2
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1.广东省环境科学研究院, 广东 广州 510700;2.粤港澳环境质量协同创新联合实验室, 广东 广州 510700
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| 摘要: |
| 本研究分析了2021—2022年南海海域表层沉积物中铜（Cu）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）、砷（As）、铬（Cr）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、总有机碳（TOC）的含量,采用地累积指数(Igeo)、潜在生态风险指数（RI）、综合污染指数（P）、毒性效应评估及有机指数（OI）进行评估。结果表明,重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As、Cr质量分数均值分别为35.63、17.53、99.84、1.30、0.05、9.79、57.84 mg/kg, Igeo评价Cd为中度污染, RI综合评价为中等风险,污染来源主要为工业源以及水产养殖和交通运输的复合源。生源要素TN、TP、TOC质量分数均值分别为1.51 mg/g、0.36 mg/g、0.67%, P评价为重度污染,毒性效应评价TN会对多数底栖生物产生潜在毒性效应, OI评价为较清洁,其有机污染主要来自海源。基于调查分析结果,本文进一步针对性地提出了强化污染源头管控、创新监测与执法机制、推动区域协同治理的对策建议。 |
| 关键词: 表层沉积物 重金属 生源要素 风险评价 南海 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20250712001 |
| 分类号:P76 |
| 基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111020002);广东省环保专项资金项目(粤财资环202218号) |
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| Pollution characteristics, ecological risks, and prevention countermeasures of heavy metals and biogenic elements in the surface sediments in the South China Sea |
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DENG Weihua1,2, LUO Yuchi1,2, TANG Junyi1,2, WU Yinai1,2, YE Kuangmin1,2, FANG Yang1,2
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1.Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510700, China;2.Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510700, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study analyzed the contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, total nitrogen（TN）, total phosphorus（TP）, and total organic carbon（TOC） in the surface sediments in the South China Sea from 2021 to 2022. The assessment was conducted using the geo-accumulation index(Igeo), potential ecological risk index（RI）, comprehensive pollution index（P）, toxicity effect evaluation, and organic index（OI）. Results showed that the mean contents of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As, and Cr were 35.63, 17.53, 99.84, 1.30, 0.05, 9.79, and 57.84 mg/kg, respectively. Igeo evaluation showed that Cd was moderately polluted, while RI comprehensive evaluation showed a medium risk level. Primary pollution sources were industrial activities as well as compound contributions from aquaculture and transportation. The mean contents of biogenic elements TN, TP, and TOC were 1.51 mg/g, 0.36 mg/g, and 0.67%, respectively. P evaluation showed severe pollution. Toxicity evaluations indicated that TN content may have potential toxic effects on most benthic organisms. OI evaluation was relatively clean, showing that the organic pollution mainly originated from marine sources. Based on the investigation and analysis results, this study further proposed targeted countermeasures and suggestions, including strengthening the control of pollution sources, innovating monitoring and law enforcement mechanisms, and promoting regional collaborative governance. |
| Key words: surface sediments heavy metals biogenic elements risk assessment South China Sea |
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