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南美洲鳗鲡(Anguilla rostrata)的耗氧率(ROC)、窒息点(AP)和适温范围(RT)及对非离子氨(NIA)、NO2-的LC50和SC的研究
杨小东1,2, 江兴龙1,2, 乐普敏1,2, 龚铭杰1
1.集美大学水产学院 厦门 361021;2.鳗鲡现代产业技术教育部工程研究中心 厦门 361021
摘要:
为研究南美洲鳗鲡(Anguilla rostrata)的耗氧率及其对水温、低溶氧、非离子氨和亚硝酸盐耐受性,本研究采用自制的鱼类呼吸装置测定其耗氧率和窒息点,以黑仔鳗为试验材料,探索其对水温、非离子氨、亚硝酸盐耐受性。结果表明,南美洲鳗鲡耗氧率存在昼夜变化,其昼间耗氧率为(86.46±37.77)mg/(kg h),夜间耗氧率为(123.58±22.56)mg/(kg h),二者存在显著性差异(P<0.05);在15—30℃范围内,耗氧率随温度升高逐渐增大,耗氧率和水温的回归方程y=–0.1316x2+9.4507x–13.712(R2=0.9993);南美洲鳗鲡的耗氧率随体质量增大而降低,耗氧量随体质量增加而增大,耗氧量和体重的回归方程为y=0.2321x0.8334R2=0.9979);在水温25℃时其窒息点随鱼体质量的增大而降低,均重10g、40g和160g的鳗鲡窒息点溶解氧浓度分别为(0.98±0.25)、(0.46±0.06)和(0.32±0.02)mg/L; 13—29℃为南美洲鳗鲡的适温范围,25—29℃为其生长适宜水温,在一定范围内的短时低水温或高水温环境对其损伤是可逆的;水中非离子氨对南美洲鳗鲡的LC50和SC分别为12.22mg/L和1.22mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮对南美洲鳗鲡的LC50和SC分别为61.68mg/L和6.17mg/L。
关键词:  南美洲鳗鲡  耗氧率  窒息点  非离子氨  亚硝酸盐
DOI:10.11693/hyhz20181200295
分类号:Q174;S965
基金项目:福建省科技厅高校产学合作项目,2016N5009号;福建省科技厅区域发展项目,2016N3002号。
STUDIES ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION RATE (ROC), ASPHYXIAL POINT (AP) AND OPTIMUM WATER TEMPERATURE RANGE (RT) OF ANGUILLA ROSTRATA AND LC50 AND SC OF NON-IONIC AMMONIA (NIA) AND NITRITE IN WATER
YANG Xiao-Dong1,2, JIANG Xing-Long1,2, LE Pu-Min1,2, GONG Ming-Jie1
1.Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;2.Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry for Eel, Ministry of Education, Xiamen 361021, China
Abstract:
Study on the oxygen consumption rate of Anguilla rostrata and resistance to water temperature, low dissolved oxygen, non-ionic ammonia and nitrite nitrogen. This study used a self-made fish breathing apparatus to measure eel oxygen consumption rate and asphyxiation point. Resistance of eel fingerling to water temperature, non-ionic ammonia and nitrite nitrogen was determined. The results showed that diurnal variation of the oxygen consumption rate of A. rostrata, the oxygen consumption rate during the daytime was (86.46±37.77)mg/(kg h), at night (123.58±22.56)mg/(kg h), and there was significant difference between them (P<0.05). At the range of 15-30℃, the oxygen consumption rate was gradually increased with water temperature up, the relation formation between oxygen consumption rate and water temperature as y=-0.1316x2+9.4507x-13.712, (R2=0.9993). The oxygen consumption rate decreased with body mass up, but the amount of oxygen consumption increased with body mass up. The relationship between oxygen consumption and body weight was y=0.2321x0.8334 (R2=0.9979). At the water temperature of 25℃, the asphyxial point decreased with fish mass up. Average eel individual weight at 10g, 40g and 160g, the dissolved oxygen concentration at the suffocation point of eel was 0.98±0.25, 0.46±0.06 and 0.32±0.02mg/L, respectively. The optimum water temperature range for A. rostrata was 13-29℃, however 25-29℃ was the optimum water temperature range for good growth, and in a certain range of short time low water temperature or high water temperature environment to its damage was reversible in some. The LC50 and SC of non-ionic ammonia in water for A. rostrata was 12.22mg/L and 1.22mg/L respectively, and the LC50 and SC of nitrite nitrogen was 61.68mg/L and 6.17mg/L respectively.
Key words:  Anguilla rostrate from South America  oxygen consumption rate  asphyxial point  non-ionic ammonia  nitrite
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