引用本文:	周莉,刘清华,李军.鱼类生殖细胞移植技术研究及进展[J].海洋科学,2020,44(8):48-55.

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鱼类生殖细胞移植技术研究及进展
周莉^1,2,3,4, 刘清华^1,2,3, 李军^1,2,3
1.中国科学院海洋研究所中国科学院实验海洋生物学重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生物学与生物技术功能实验室, 山东青岛 266237;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心, 山东青岛 266071;4.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

摘要:

鱼类生殖干细胞具有多向分化潜能，作为供体细胞移入同种或异种受体，在受体内迁移、定居、增殖、分化、成熟，产生供体来源功能性配子和后代，称为鱼类生殖细胞移植。作为一项辅助生殖技术，与冷冻保存技术相结合，已经在多种鱼类上进行研究。经过十几年的发展，鱼类生殖细胞移植技术逐渐成熟，目前已经建立了原始生殖细胞、精原细胞、卵原细胞作为供体细胞，囊胚胚胎、孵化幼鱼、成鱼为受体的移植体系。生殖细胞移植技术未来将在濒危物种保护、代理养殖、干细胞诱导分化等方面发挥重要作用。本文总结分析了目前已经报道的鱼类生殖干细胞移植技术，以及鱼类生殖干细胞移植存在的问题和未来发展方向。

关键词: 鱼类生殖干细胞移植冷冻保存

DOI：10.11759/hykx20200324003

分类号:S961

基金项目:山东省支持青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室重大科技专项（2018SDKJ0302-4）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0901205）；山东省重点研发计划（2019GHY112013）

Fish germ cell transplantation technology: Research and progress

ZHOU Li^1,2,3,4, LIU Qing-hua^1,2,3, LI Jun^1,2,3

1.CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao 266237, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Abstract:

Fish germ stem cells have the potential for multi-directional differentiation. As donor cells, they are transplanted into allogeneic or xenogeneic receptors, after which they migrate, proliferate colonize, differentiate, and mature in the recipient fish to produce donor-derived gametes, in a process called fish germ-cell transplantation. As an assisted reproductive technology, it has been studied on a variety of fish in combination with combined with cryopreservation technology. After more than ten years of development, fish germ-cell transplantation technology has gradually matured. At present, a transplant system has been established in which primordial germ cells, spermatogonia, and oogonia are used as donor cells, and blastula-stage embryos, newly hatched larvae and sexually mature specimens act as recipients. Germ-cell transplantation technology will play an important role in the protection of endangered species, surrogate breeding, stem cell-induced differentiation, and other aspects in the future. In this paper, we perform a brief review of the fish-cell transplantation technology that has been reported so far, a preliminary analysis of its technical characteristics, and then point out the problems of fish germ-cell transplantation and explore the future directions for its development.

Key words: fish germ stem cells transplantation cryopreservation