引用本文:	陈龙,王紫阳,任坤磊,李晓东,张伟妮,亢振军,柳阳,王康,林建杰,王世永.高通量测序分析福建平潭近海夜光藻藻华对海洋浮游生物群落多样性的影响效应[J].海洋科学,2025,49(11):38-52.

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高通量测序分析福建平潭近海夜光藻藻华对海洋浮游生物群落多样性的影响效应
陈龙¹, 王紫阳¹, 任坤磊¹, 李晓东¹, 张伟妮¹, 亢振军², 柳阳³, 王康¹, 林建杰⁴, 王世永⁴
1.福建农林大学海洋学院福建省海洋生物技术重点实验室, 海水养殖生物育种全国重点实验室, 福建福州 350002;2.北部湾大学广西北部湾海洋环境变化与灾害研究重点实验室, 广西钦州 535011;3.中国科学院南海海洋研究所广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 广东广州 510301;4.福州市海洋与渔业技术中心, 福建福州 350007

摘要:

夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)藻华在中国近海频频暴发,但其对海洋浮游生物种群的影响并不清楚。本文通过高通量测序分析平潭海域高密度夜光藻对近海原核和真核浮游生物群落结构与多样性的影响。结果显示,夜光藻藻华站位浮游生物物种数与多样性显著低于非藻华站位;原核生物类群中,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)在各站位中都占据绝对优势,藻华站位不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)代替非藻华站位的Yoonia-Loktanella属成为第一优势属。真核生物类群中,藻华站位甲藻门(Dinoflagellata)代替非藻华站位的节肢动物门(Arthropoda)成为第一优势门类;种水平上藻华站位桡足类拟长腹剑水蚤(Oithona similis)和小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)的相对丰度相较于非藻华站位显著下降,但锥形平游虫(Parallelostrombidium conicum)相对丰度显著上升。相关分析结果表明,藻际细菌与夜光藻呈显著正相关,如不动杆菌属、硫膨大杆菌属(Thioclava)、海生菌属(Marivita)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium);而真核藻类,包括绿藻、硅藻和其他甲藻,大多和夜光藻呈负相关关系。研究结果表明,高密度夜光藻对海洋浮游生物群落有着显著的影响,对于原核生物,夜光藻藻际细菌成为藻华站位的主要细菌类群,并可能在藻华消退中起着关键的作用;而对于真核生物来说,夜光藻的摄食压力可能是海洋浮游植物与动物多样性显著下降的主要原因。

关键词: 有害藻华夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans) 浮游生物多样性高通量测序

DOI：10.11759/hykx20250216001

分类号:P76

基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42106203);福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2023J01495);广西北部湾海洋环境变化与灾害研究重点实验室开放课题(2024KF03);广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室开放课题(2023B1212060047)

High-throughput sequencing analysis of the effects of Noctiluca scintillans blooms on plankton diversity in coastal waters of Pingtan, Fujian

CHEN Long¹, WANG Ziyang¹, REN Kunlei¹, LI Xiaodong¹, ZHANG Weini¹, KANG Zhenjun², LIU Yang³, WANG Kang¹, LIN Jianjie⁴, WANG Shiyong⁴

1.Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, College of Marine Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China;2.Beibu Gulf University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster, Qinzhou 535011, China;3.South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;4.Fuzhou Ocean and Fisheries Technology Center, Fuzhou 350007, China

Abstract:

Noctiluca scintillans blooms frequently occur in the coastal waters of China; however, the impact of N. scintillans on the marine planktonic community structure and diversity remains unclear. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was employed to investigate the effects of high-density N. scintillans on the community structure and diversity of coastal planktonic organisms in the coastal waters of Pingtan, encompassing prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The diversity and number of species at the bloom stations were significantly lower than those at the non-bloom stations. Among prokaryotes, Proteobacteria dominated at all stations, and Acinetobacter replaced Yoonia-Loktanella at the bloom stations as the dominant genus. Among eukaryotes, Dinoflagellata replaced Arthropoda as the dominant phylum at the bloom stations, and the relative abundance of planktonic copepods, such as Oithona similis and Paracalanus parvus, at the bloom stations was significantly lower than those at the non-bloom stations; however, Parallelostrombidium conicum became the second most abundant species at the bloom stations. Correlation analysis indicated that algal-associated bacteria (e.g., Acinetobacter, Thioclava, Marivita, and Flavobacterium) were highly correlated with N. scintillans, whereas most eukaryotic algae, including chlorophyta, diatoms, and other dinoflagellates, were negatively correlated with N. scintillans. The results demonstrated that a high density of N. scintillans has a significant impact on the structure and diversity of marine planktonic organisms. Moreover, for prokaryotes, algal-associated bacteria become the dominant bacterial group at the bloom stations, and they may play a key role in the N. scintillans bloom decline stage. However, for eukaryotes, the feeding pressure of N. scintillans may be the primary reason for the significant decline in the diversity of marine phytoplankton and zooplankton.

Key words: harmful algal blooms Noctiluca scintillans plankton biodiversity high-throughput sequencing