引用本文:	张昊,纪永刚,王祎鸣,孟俊敏,曲若钊,李发瑞,姜梦桦.船载地波雷达地杂波和船只目标回波分离方法[J].海洋科学,2025,49(11):53-63.

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船载地波雷达地杂波和船只目标回波分离方法
张昊¹, 纪永刚^1,2, 王祎鸣³, 孟俊敏³, 曲若钊¹, 李发瑞¹, 姜梦桦¹
1.中国石油大学(华东) 海洋与空间信息学院, 山东青岛 266580;2.自然资源部海上丝路海洋资源环境组网观测技术创新中心, 山东青岛 266580;3.自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061

摘要:

船载地波雷达具备平台机动灵活、探测区域可扩展等优势,但其运动平台导致的地杂波多普勒频移会干扰船只目标的探测。针对船载地波雷达船只目标回波与地杂波混杂的问题,本文提出了一种地杂波和船只目标回波分离方法。该方法首先结合地理信息和船载平台姿态信息估计和提取陆地杂波;然后利用船只目标回波和岛屿杂波多普勒频移和幅度特性的差异,对其进行分离;最后基于静止目标(包含静止船只和岛屿)方位角与回波多普勒频移之间的关系,对其进行方位角估计和地理位置定位。利用船载地波雷达实测数据和AIS数据对方法的有效性进行了验证,实验结果证明,该方法可实现地杂波和船只目标回波的分离。

关键词: 船载地波雷达地杂波船只目标回波多普勒频移目标回波幅度

DOI：10.11759/hykx20240106002

分类号:TN958.93

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(62271507,62031015);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022MF235)

Separation of vessel target echoes from ground clutter for shipborne HFSWR

ZHANG Hao¹, JI Yonggang^1,2, WANG Yiming³, MENG Junmin³, QU Ruozhao¹, LI Farui¹, JIANG Menghua¹

1.College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;2.Maritime Silk Road Marine Resources and Environment Network Observation Technology Innovation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266580, China;3.First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China

Abstract:

Shipborne high-frequency surface-wave radar (HFSWR) has emerged as an effective tool for detecting vessel targets over wide ranges and long distances due to the mobility and flexibility of the shipborne platform. However, the motion of the shipborne platform generates ground clutter (including land clutter and island clutter), producing an additional Doppler shift. This results in a large area of clutter within the range-Doppler echo spectrum, which interferes with vessel target echoes and considerably affects target detection. This article proposes a method to address the challenge of separating vessel target echoes from ground clutter in a shipborne HFSWR platform. The proposed method first estimates and extracts land clutter by combining geographic and attitude information of the shipborne platform. It then separates vessel target echoes from island clutter by leveraging differences in Doppler shifts and echo amplitude characteristics. Finally, the method estimates the azimuth and geographical locations of stationary targets (including stationary vessels and islands) based on the relationship between their azimuths and Doppler shifts. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using data obtained by the shipborne HFSWR platform and automatic identification system data. Experimental results show that the proposed method successfully separates ground clutter from vessel target echoes.

Key words: shipborne HFSWR ground clutter vessel target echo Doppler shift amplitude of target echo