| 引用本文: | 王皓,程萌,杨萌,朱梓铭,刘若曦,李明燃,孙茂淇,姚德生,张玉凤.海洋有机磷酸酯及其生物富集研究进展[J].海洋科学,2025,49(12):92-103. |
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| 海洋有机磷酸酯及其生物富集研究进展 |
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王皓1,2, 程萌3, 杨萌3, 朱梓铭1, 刘若曦1, 李明燃1, 孙茂淇1, 姚德生1, 张玉凤1,2
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1.大连海洋大学 海洋科技与环境学院, 辽宁 大连 116023;2.大连海洋大学 设施渔业教育部重点实验室, 辽宁 大连 116023;3.辽宁省大连生态环境监测中心, 辽宁 大连 116023
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| 摘要: |
| 有机磷酸酯(OPEs)作为阻燃剂、增塑剂和润滑剂应用广泛,由于其具有较高的毒性、持久性、生物积累性而受到广泛关注。本文基于国内外研究数据,分析了OPEs在海洋环境中的分布、生物富集和生物放大特征及影响因素。总结发现,海洋中OPEs的主要来源是河流输入和大气沉降;底栖生物富集潜力高于中上层生物;远洋和极地高营养级生物OPEs的含量较高;在一些水生生物中检测到新型有机磷酸酯(NOPEs)和有机磷酸二酯(OPdEs); OPEs生物富集潜力与辛醇-水分配系数正相关;由于组织代谢能力不同,内脏和肌肉中OPEs浓度存在差异;脂肪含量对生物富集也有一定影响,但目前存在争议;水温升高会加速OPEs在生物体内的代谢,冬季和高纬度海域更有利于生物富集。本文通过分析总结OPEs海洋生物富集和传递特征及影响因素,为未来OPEs海洋生态风险管控和标准制定提供科学支撑。 |
| 关键词: 有机磷酸酯 分布特征 生物富集 影响因素 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20251011001 |
| 分类号:P734 |
| 基金项目:辽宁省科技计划联合计划(自然科学基金-面上项目)(2025-MSLH-131);辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目(JYTMS20230498);国家环境保护近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放研究课题基金(202305);大连海洋大学引进人才博士启动项目(HDYJ202121) |
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| Review of marine organophosphate esters and their bioaccumulation |
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WANG Hao1,2, CHENG Meng3, YANG Meng3, ZHU Ziming1, LIU Ruoxi1, LI Mingran1, SUN Maoqi1, YAO Desheng1, ZHANG Yufeng1,2
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1.College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;2.Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;3.Liaoning Dalian Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
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| Abstract: |
| Organophosphate esters(OPEs) are widely used as flame retardants, plasticizers, and lubricants, yet attract considerable attention because of their high toxicity, environmental persistence, and bioaccumulation potential. This paper analyses the distribution, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification characteristics of OPEs in marine environments, along with the factors that influence these characteristics, based on domestic and international research data. The findings summarize that the primary sources of OPE contamination of the marine environment are riverine inputs and atmospheric deposition. Benthic organisms exhibited greater bioaccumulation potential than pelagic species. High-trophic-level organisms across the open ocean and polar regions contain elevated OPE concentrations. Novel organophosphate esters and organophosphate diesters were detected in certain aquatic organisms. OPE bioaccumulation potential correlated positively with the octanol-water partition coefficient. OPE levels differ between visceral and muscular tissues, as metabolic capacities also vary. Fat content may also influence bioaccumulation, though this remains controversial. Elevated water temperatures accelerate OPE metabolism, whereas winter and high-latitude waters favor bioaccumulation. This study analyzes and summarizes the factors influencing the characteristics of OPE bioaccumulation and transfer among marine organisms, providing scientific support for future risk management and standardization of OPEs in marine ecological systems. |
| Key words: organophosphate esters distribution characteristics bioaccumulation influencing factors |