| 引用本文: | 陈艺文,甄秀维,张伟,吴莹莹,宋爱环,张守都.紫贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)与厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)对热浪的生理响应对比研究[J].海洋科学,2026,50(1):45-55. |
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| 紫贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)与厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)对热浪的生理响应对比研究 |
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陈艺文1,2,3, 甄秀维4, 张伟1,2,3, 吴莹莹1,2,3, 宋爱环1,2, 张守都1,2,3
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1.山东省海洋科学研究院(青岛国家海洋科学研究中心), 山东 青岛 266104;2.山东省智慧海洋牧场重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266104;3.山东牡蛎种业技术创新中心, 山东 青岛 266105;4.天津农学院, 天津 300384
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| 摘要: |
| 随着全球气候变化加剧, 海洋热浪事件频发、持续时间延长, 对海洋贝类生存及养殖业可持续性发展构成严重威胁。贻贝是我国重要的经济贝类和生态关键种, 近年来其养殖产业常因高温导致规模性减产。为探究贻贝的耐热生理机制, 本研究以我国2种主要养殖贻贝——紫贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)和厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)为研究对象, 通过设置“热浪-恢复-二次热浪-二次恢复”的多周期高温胁迫实验, 系统测定了其热耐受性、呼吸率、代谢产物含量及相关酶活性。结果发现, 厚壳贻贝的24 h半致死温度(LT50)为32.05 ℃, 显著高于紫贻贝(30.47 ℃), 表明厚壳贻贝基础热耐受性更强。紫贻贝的呼吸率多数情况下高于厚壳贻贝, 表明其具有更高的基础代谢率。在热浪胁迫过程中, 2种贻贝均通过调节总蛋白(SP)、丙二醛(MDA)等代谢产物及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙酮酸激酶(PK)、ATP酶(ATPase)等关键酶活性以应对温度变化, 但响应时序与强度存在明显物种差异: 厚壳贻贝表现出更早启动的抗氧化防御与相对保守的能量调节策略, 而紫贻贝则呈现较强的急性应激响应能力。研究表明, 紫贻贝与厚壳贻贝在面对间歇性热浪时采取了不同的生理适应策略, 厚壳贻贝具有更高的基础耐热性, 在持续高温情景下占据优势, 而紫贻贝则在单次升温情景下更具竞争力。本研究为深入揭示贻贝耐热机制、优化养殖物种布局及应对气候变化提供了生理学依据。 |
| 关键词: 紫贻贝 厚壳贻贝 热浪 耐热性 生理响应 能量代谢 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20251218001 |
| 分类号:S917.3 |
| 基金项目:山东省农业良种工程项目(2024LZGCQY003); 山东省海洋科学研究院科研补助经费课题(2024SDMSRI20240418); 成品油价格调整对渔业发展补助资金项目(2025SDNYYB02) |
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| Comparative physiological responses to heatwaves between Mytilus galloprovincialis and Mytilus coruscus |
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Chen Yiwen1,2,3, Zhen Xiuwei4, Zhang Wei1,2,3, Wu Yingying1,2,3, Song Aihuan1,2, Zhang Shoudu1,2,3
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1.Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center, Qingdao), Qingdao 266104, China;2.Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Marine Ranch (under preparation), Qingdao 266104, China;3.Shandong Center of Technology Innovation for Oyster Seed Industry, Qingdao 266105, China;4.Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
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| Abstract: |
| With accelerating global climate change, the frequency and duration of marine heatwaves have increased, posing a severe threat to the survival of marine bivalves and the sustainability of aquaculture. Mussels are both economically important and ecologically valuable species in China, and their aquaculture has often suffered large-scale production losses due to elevated temperatures in recent years. This study investigated the physiological mechanisms underlying thermal tolerance in mussels, focusing on two major cultured species in China, namely the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and the thick-shell mussel (Mytilus coruscus). Multi-cycle high-temperature stress experiments, designed as “heatwave-recovery-second heatwave-second recovery, ” were performed to systematically measure thermal tolerance, respiration rate, metabolic products, and key enzyme activities. The 24 h median lethal temperature (LT50) of M. coruscus was 32.05 ℃, which was substantially higher than that of M. galloprovincialis (30.47 ℃), thus indicating greater basal thermotolerance in M. coruscus. Conversely, the respiration rate of M. galloprovincialis was generally higher than that of M. coruscus, reflecting a higher basal metabolic rate. During heatwave stress, both species responded to temperature fluctuations by modulating their metabolites, such as total protein and malondialdehyde, as well as key enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, pyruvate kinase, and ATPase, to cope with thermal stress. However, marked interspecific differences were observed in the timing and magnitude of these responses. M. coruscus exhibited an earlier activation of antioxidant defenses and a relatively conservative energy regulation strategy, whereas M. galloprovincialis showed stronger acute stress responses. These findings indicate that these two mussel species use distinct physiological strategies under intermittent heatwave conditions: M. coruscus is better adapted to sustained high-temperature conditions due to its higher basal thermotolerance, whereas M. galloprovincialis is more competitive under rapidly increasing temperature conditions. This study presents physiological insights into the thermal tolerance mechanisms of mussels, thereby informing species selection and aquaculture management under climate change. |
| Key words: Mytilus galloprovincialis Mytilus coruscus heatwave thermal tolerance physiological response energy metabolism |
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