| 引用本文: | 刘萌菲,刘莹,王友红,于贞贞,张伟,赵燕,邹琰.三疣梭子蟹5个地理群体形态比较研究[J].海洋科学,2026,50(1):35-44. |
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| 三疣梭子蟹5个地理群体形态比较研究 |
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刘萌菲1,2, 刘莹2, 王友红2, 于贞贞3, 张伟4, 赵燕1, 邹琰2
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1.山东农业大学, 山东 泰安 271018;2.山东省海洋科学研究院 山东省智慧海洋牧场重点实验室(筹), 山东 青岛 266104;3.东营市海洋发展研究院, 山东 东营 257091;4.日照市天坤水产有限公司, 山东 日照 276827
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| 摘要: |
| 本研究选取我国近海5个地理群体(江苏南通NT、浙江舟山ZS、山东莱州LZ、日照RZ和青岛QD)的300尾三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus, 雌雄比1︰1)为研究对象, 系统测定其体质量及17项形态性状, 并采用多元分析方法探究群体间形态差异。结果表明莱州、舟山和日照群体壳型相对更扁长一些, 舟山与南通群体额区较宽, 日照与莱州群体胃-心-肠区占比更大, 日照群体背甲隆起程度较高, 莱州群体发育更饱满; 主成分分析显示群体间差异主要表现在第二侧齿和第四步足上, 累计贡献率为71.27%; 聚类分析表明南通与舟山群体形态相近, 莱州、日照与青岛群体聚为另一支, 但莱州、日照与青岛群体雌雄蟹聚类结果存在不同; 判别分析中, 雌、雄蟹群体综合判别率分别为60.7%和74.0%, 其中莱州群体雄蟹的判别准确率最高(86.7%), 与聚类分析结果基本一致。总起来说5个三疣梭子蟹地理群体在额部、步足上存在形态差异, 但未达到亚种分化水平。本研究结果可为三疣梭子蟹种质资源保护与良种选育提供形态学依据。 |
| 关键词: 三疣梭子蟹 地理群体 形态差异 聚类分析 判别分析 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20251103001 |
| 分类号:S917.4 |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划项目农业良种工程项目(2024LZGC023),山东省虾蟹产业技术体系(SDAIT-13-04) |
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| Analysis of morphological variations in five geographic populations of the swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) |
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Liu Mengfei1,2, Liu Ying2, Wang Youhong2, Yu Zhenzhen3, Zhang Wei4, Zhao Yan1, Zou Yan2
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1.Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China;2.Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Marine Ranch (under preparation), Qingdao 266104, China;3.Dongying Marine Development Research Institute, Dongying 257091, China;4.Rizhao Tiankun Aquatic Products Co., Ltd., Rizhao 276827, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study analyzed the body mass and 17 morphological traits of 300 Portunus trituberculatus individuals (150 males, 150 females) from five coastal populations in China: Nantong (NT), Zhoushan (ZS), Laizhou (LZ), Rizhao (RZ), and Qingdao (QD). The morphological differences between groups were explored using multivariate analysis, which revealed the following results: the shell shapes of the LZ, ZS, and RZ populations were relatively flatter and more elongated; the frontal regions of the ZS and NT populations were wider; the gastric-cardiac-intestinal regions accounted for a larger proportion in the RZ and LZ populations; the extent of carapace convexity was higher in the RZ population; and the LZ population was more fully developed. Principal component analysis showed that the differences between groups occurred mainly in the second flank and the fourth foot, with a cumulative contribution rate of 71.27%. Cluster analysis revealed that NT and ZS populations were similar in morphology, while the LZ, RZ, and QD populations clustered into another branch; however, the clustering results in the LZ, RZ, and QD populations differed between male and female crabs. In the discriminant analysis, the comprehensive discriminant rates of female and male crab populations were 60.7% and 74.0%, respectively, with the highest discriminant accuracy (86.7%) found for male crabs in the LZ population; this was consistent with the results of the cluster analysis. Overall, these results show that morphological differences exist in the forehead and foot among these five populations of P. trituberculatus, but these differences do not reach the level of subspecies differentiation. The results of this study provide a morphological basis for the protection of P. trituberculatus germplasm resources and support the breeding of improved varieties. |
| Key words: Portunus trituberculatus geographic population morphological difference cluster analysis discriminant analysis |
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