| 摘要: |
| 为探究南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)资源的时空变化特征及其与环境因子的关系, 提升资源评估与开发利用的科学性, 本文基于“龙腾”轮大型远洋拖网渔船2021/2022年度渔捞日志数据, 采用热点分析与渔场重心2种空间统计方法, 对南极磷虾资源分布的时空变化进行研究, 并构建广义加性模型(GAM)分析南极磷虾单位捕捞努力渔获量(CPUE)与环境因子之间的关系。热点分析结果显示, 2021年南设得兰群岛与南奥克尼群岛附近海域为捕捞热点区域; 而2022年, 捕捞热点区域主要集中于南奥克尼群岛周边海域, 表明磷虾资源分布的空间变化。渔场重心分析进一步验证了该迁移趋势, 渔场整体呈现由西南向东北方向转移。GAM模型分析结果显示, 2021年与2022年海表温度、海表盐度、叶绿素a浓度及海表高度均与南极磷虾CPUE之间存在极显著的非线性相关关系(P < 0.01)。此外, 2022年北向海流流速亦与CPUE呈现极显著非线性相关(P < 0.01), 而2021年北向海流流速与CPUE间呈显著非线性相关(P < 0.05)。本研究揭示了南极磷虾资源分布的动态变化趋势及其对关键环境因子的响应关系, 可为资源评估及渔业管理提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 南极磷虾 热点分析 渔场重心 广义相加模型 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20251110001 |
| 分类号:S931.1 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD2400703) |
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| Spatiotemporal variation of Euphausia superba Catch Per Unit Effort and its relationship with environmental factors based on fishing logbook data |
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Yang Bo1, Yan Xianglu2, Liu Changdong1
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1.College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2.Weihai Huancui District Marine Development Research Center, Weihai 264200, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study investigated the spatiotemporal variation of Euphausia superba (Antarctic krill) resources and their relationships with environmental factors to enhance the scientific basis for resource assessment and sustainable exploitation. Fishery logbook data from the large-scale ocean-going trawler “Longteng” for the 2021/2022 fishing season were used for this analysis. Spatial statistical methods, including hotspot analysis and centroid calculations of fishing grounds, were used to examine the spatiotemporal dynamics of krill distribution. In addition, generalized additive models (GAMs) were constructed to explore the relationships between catch per unit effort (CPUE) and environmental variables. Results revealed an overall declining trend in krill resources from 2021 to 2022. Hotspot analysis revealed that in 2021, resource hotspots were present in the waters near the South Shetland Islands and South Orkney Islands. However, by 2022, the hotspot areas were mainly concentrated around the South Orkney Islands, which suggests a spatial shift in krill distribution. Fishing ground centroid analysis further confirmed this trend, exhibiting a general northeastward migration of fishing grounds from the southwest. GAM analysis demonstrated that in 2021 and 2022, sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, chlorophyll-a concentration, and sea surface height were significantly and nonlinearly correlated with krill CPUE (p < 0.01). Furthermore, in 2022, the northward current velocities exhibited significant nonlinear relationships with CPUE (p < 0.01), whereas in 2021, only the northward current velocity was significantly related (p < 0.05); the eastward current velocity in 2021 exhibited no significant correlation (p = 0.62), and the towing depth in 2022 was also not significantly associated with CPUE (p = 0.29). This study reveals the dynamic distribution patterns of E. superba and their responses to key environmental factors, thereby providing a scientific foundation for resource assessment and fisheries management. |
| Key words: Euphausia superba hotspot analysis the gravity center of the fishing ground generalized additive models |
