| 引用本文: | 张颖,施蔓洁,苏南,盛开,胡建兴,郑凡昱,陈偿.钙化藻对长棘海星幼虫附着变态的诱导特性研究[J].海洋科学,2025,49(4):84-94. |
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| 钙化藻对长棘海星幼虫附着变态的诱导特性研究 |
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张颖1, 施蔓洁1,2, 苏南1,3, 盛开1,4, 胡建兴1, 郑凡昱1, 陈偿1,5
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1.中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与重点实验室/广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 广东 广州 510301;2.华南农业大学 海洋学院, 广东 广州 510600;3.暨南大学 水生生物研究所, 广东 广州 510632;4.中国科学院大学, 北京 10049;5.中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 海南西沙海洋环境国家野外科学观测研究站, 广东 广州 510301
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| 摘要: |
| 长棘海星种群的暴发严重危害了珊瑚礁生态系统。附着变态是长棘海星幼虫从浮游态转为底栖态必须经历的过程, 是种群新个体补充的关键一步, 影响着长棘海星成体种群的大小。钙化藻是珊瑚礁生态系统的关键功能物种, 不仅为多种海洋无脊椎动物幼虫提供了合适的定居场所, 而且也显著诱导长棘海星幼虫的附着变态, 但目前关于其对长棘海星幼虫的作用特性尚未明晰。因此, 本研究以长棘海星短腕中后期幼虫为研究对象, 将不同状态和不同处理下的钙化藻添加到海星幼虫的培养体系中, 通过测定幼虫的存活率和变态率, 探明钙化藻诱导长棘海星幼虫附着变态的特性。结果表明, 相比其它附着基质, 钙化藻具有最佳的诱导效果, 而且其诱导能力不受光照周期的影响。其次, 发现钙化藻对长棘海星幼虫的诱导能力随自身面积增大呈增加趋势, 2 cm×2 cm的钙化藻在72 h可以诱导100%的幼虫发生附着变态, 而且这种诱导能力可能是由一种不仅存在于健康钙化藻, 也存在于白化和长藻的钙化藻中, 但经过灭菌后会失活的物质发挥作用所致。此外, 发现在一定钙化藻面积下, 长棘海星幼虫变态率会随着培养体系中自身幼虫数量的增加而提高, 30~120只幼虫的变态率接近100%, 显著高于体系中低于30只幼虫的变态率。本研究填补了我国对长棘海星底栖幼体早期阶段的研究空白, 进一步明晰了钙化藻在长棘海星生活史中扮演的角色, 将为长棘海星幼体的野外溯源工作提供科学指导。 |
| 关键词: 长棘海星|钙化藻|珊瑚礁生态系统|底栖幼体|附着变态 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20241118001 |
| 分类号:Q175 |
| 基金项目:海南省三沙市海洋和渔业局项目(SSHY-2201);广州市科技计划项目(2024A04J4054);国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD2401300) |
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| Induction of settlement and metamorphosis in crown-of-thorns starfish larvae by crustose coralline algae |
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ZHANG Ying1, SHI Manjie1,2, SU Nan1,3, SHENG Kai1,4, HU Jianxing1, ZHENG Fanyu1, CHEN Chang1,5
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1.CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;2.College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510600, China;3.Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;5.Xisha Marine Environment National Observation and Research Station, Hainan, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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| Abstract: |
| Crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS; Acanthaster spp.) outbreaks seriously threaten coral reef ecosystems. The CoTS larvae must undergo settlement and metamorphosis to transit from the planktonic to the benthic states. This process plays a crucial role in replenishing new individuals within the population, affecting the size of the CoTS adult population. Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are pivotal functional species in coral reef ecosystems, providing suitable settlement sites for a diverse range of marine invertebrate larvae. They significantly induce settlement and metamorphosis in the CoTS larvae; however, the specific characteristics of their influence on the larvae remain unclear. Thus, the present study employed calcareous algae in diverse states and subjected them to varied treatments within the CoTS mid-late brachiolaria culture system. The objective was to ascertain the characteristics of the calcareous algae in inducing settlement and metamorphosis in the CoTS larvae, focusing on their survival and metamorphosis rates. The findings indicated that CCA had the highest induction effect than other attachment substrates, which was not influenced by the photoperiod. Second, CCA’s ability to induce metamorphosis in CoTS larvae increased as its area enhanced, and 2 cm × 2 cm of CCA could engender 100% of the larvae to attach and metamorphose in 72 h. Moreover, this inductive capacity may be due to the action of a compound present in healthy and bleached CCA along with those for algal growth, which could be inactivated after sterilization. In addition, the metamorphosis rate of the CoTS larvae was positively correlated with their number in the culture system under a given area of CCA. The metamorphosis rate of 30-120 larvae was close to 100%, markedly greater than that of <30 larvae. This study fills the research gap on the early life stages of the benthic larvae of the CoTS in China; it also elucidates the role of calcifying algae in the life history of the CoTS, thereby providing scientific guidance for tracking the CoTS juveniles in the field. |
| Key words: The crown-of-thorns starfish|crustose coralline algae|coral reef ecosystem|benthic juvenile|settlement and metamorphosis |
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